{"id":20669,"date":"2021-07-06T21:28:22","date_gmt":"2021-07-06T19:28:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/memoire\/metros-labyrinthes-souterrains\/"},"modified":"2021-09-08T19:11:21","modified_gmt":"2021-09-08T17:11:21","slug":"metros-labyrinthes-souterrains","status":"publish","type":"dissertation","link":"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/en\/memoire\/chloe-wietkowski\/metros-labyrinthes-souterrains\/","title":{"rendered":"Metros, underground labyrinths"},"content":{"rendered":"<article class=\"misc-separator bloc\">\n    <hr class=\"misc-separator__hr\">\n<\/article>\n\n\n\n<article class=\"text-title bloc\"><div class=\"text-title__content type-text\"><div class=\"text-title__wrapper wrapper typo-scope\"><p class=\"text-title__text h-paragraph style-center gut-hook-text\">Les stations de m\u00e9tro prennent-elles en compte les besoins d\u2019orientation actuels des voyageurs ?<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"misc-separator bloc\">\n    <hr class=\"misc-separator__hr\">\n<\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"img-double-portrait bloc\">\n    <div class=\"img-double-portrait__content type-image\">\n        <div class=\"img-double-portrait__grid\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-sp\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/harry-beck.jpg\" class=\"img-double-portrait__wrapper type-block cursor-more no-cursor-simple function-lightbox\">\n                        <div class=\"img-double-portrait__placeholder style-background ar ar-custom-1 style-background lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/harry-beck.jpg\" data-height=\"1028\" data-width=\"900\" alt=\"\"><\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-sp\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/plan-tube.jpg\" class=\"img-double-portrait__wrapper type-block cursor-more no-cursor-simple function-lightbox\">\n                        <div class=\"img-double-portrait__placeholder style-background ar ar-custom-1 style-background lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/plan-tube.jpg\" data-height=\"972\" data-width=\"1398\" alt=\"\"><\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        <figcaption class=\"img-double-portrait__legend p-legend style-center typo-scope\">La carte de Harry Beck devient la carte officielle de l\u2019<em>Underground<\/em> en 1933.\nDe Paris \u00e0 New York, les grandes m\u00e9tropoles du monde entier se sont&nbsp;calqu\u00e9es sur son mod\u00e8le de fonctionnement et sur sa carte.\n<\/figcaption>\n    <\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"misc-separator bloc\">\n    <hr class=\"misc-separator__hr\">\n<\/article>\n\n\n\n<article class=\"text-title bloc\"><div class=\"text-title__content type-text\"><div class=\"text-title__wrapper wrapper typo-scope\"><p class=\"text-title__text h-paragraph style-center gut-hook-text\">M\u00e9tropoles : r\u00e9seaux homog\u00e8nes ou h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"misc-separator bloc\">\n    <hr class=\"misc-separator__hr\">\n<\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"img-quadruple bloc\">\n    <div class=\"img-quadruple__content type-image\">\n        <div class=\"img-quadruple__grid\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-sp\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/alma-morceau.jpg\" class=\"img-quadruple__wrapper type-block cursor-more no-cursor-simple function-lightbox\">\n                        <div class=\"img-quadruple__placeholder ar ar-custom-7 style-background lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/alma-morceau-2557x1920.jpg\" data-height=\"3448\" data-width=\"4592\"><\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-sp\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/metro-de-leipzig.jpg\" class=\"img-quadruple__wrapper type-block cursor-more no-cursor-simple function-lightbox\">\n                        <div class=\"img-quadruple__placeholder ar ar-custom-7 style-background lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/metro-de-leipzig.jpg\" data-height=\"1365\" data-width=\"2048\"><\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"img-quadruple__grid push-t-tn\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-sp\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/toledo-naples.jpg\" class=\"img-quadruple__wrapper type-block cursor-more no-cursor-simple function-lightbox\">\n                        <div class=\"img-quadruple__placeholder ar ar-custom-7 style-background lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/toledo-naples.jpg\" data-height=\"600\" data-width=\"900\"><\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-sp\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/moscou.jpg\" class=\"img-quadruple__wrapper type-block cursor-more no-cursor-simple function-lightbox\">\n                        <div class=\"img-quadruple__placeholder ar ar-custom-7 style-background lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/moscou.jpg\" data-height=\"603\" data-width=\"900\"><\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        <figcaption class=\"img-quadruple__legend p-legend style-center\">\u00c0 Paris et \u00e0 Leipzig l&#8217;esth\u00e9tique et l&#8217;am\u00e9nagement des stations sont harmonis\u00e9s alors qu&#8217;\u00e0 Naples et \u00e0 Moscou, chacune d&#8217;elles est unique.\n<\/figcaption>\n    <\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"misc-separator bloc\">\n    <hr class=\"misc-separator__hr\">\n<\/article>\n\n\n\n<article class=\"text-title bloc\"><div class=\"text-title__content type-text\"><div class=\"text-title__wrapper wrapper typo-scope\"><p class=\"text-title__text h-paragraph style-center gut-hook-text\">Orienter dans un r\u00e9seau historique : Ch\u00e2telet Les Halles<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"misc-separator bloc\">\n    <hr class=\"misc-separator__hr\">\n<\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"media-video bloc\">\n    <div class=\"media-video__content type-video video-system\">\n        <div class=\"media-video__container video-container cover-custom\" data-url=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/yaM9zCOFuBc\" data-id=\"\">\n            <div class=\"media-video__cover style-background style-overlay video-cover\" ><\/div>\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"480\" height=\"270\" src=\"\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n        <figcaption class=\"media-video__legend p-legend style-center typo-scope\">&#8220;Si l\u2019Homme peut ressentir l\u2019angoisse de se perdre par manque d\u2019informations,\u00a0un sentiment de trouble pourra na\u00eetre \u00e9galement si il est sur-inform\u00e9. &#8221;\nDANA Karine. (2001) Informer dans l\u2019espace. <em>Le Moniteur Architecture<\/em>, n\u00b0115, pp 90-135\n<\/figcaption>\n    <\/article>\n\n\n\n<article class=\"text-highlighted bloc\"><div class=\"text-highlighted__content type-text style-border-top-bottom\"><div class=\"text-highlighted__wrapper wrapper typo-scope\"><p class=\"text-highlighted__text p-highlighted style-center gut-hook-text\">L\u2019anticipation des besoins d\u2019orientation et d\u2019informations des futurs utilisateurs est primordiale car &#8220;quand l\u2019architecte commet des erreurs, c\u2019est irrattrapable&#8221;.<\/p><div class=\"text-highlighted__infos\"><p class=\"text-highlighted__author p-author style-center\"><span class=\"gut-hook-author\">Ruedi Baur<\/span><span> &#8211; <\/span><span class=\"gut-hook-work\">Interview men\u00e9e par Karine Dana dans l\u2019article &#8220;Informer dans l\u2019espace&#8221;.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article>\n\n\n<article class=\"media-pdf bloc\">\n    <div class=\"media-pdf__content type-pdf\">\n        <div class=\"media-pdf__container\">\n            <div class=\"_df_book\" height=\"500\" source=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/memoire-chloe-wetkowsk_compressed.pdf\">\n                <div class=\"cursor\">\n    <div class=\"cursor__more\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"cursor__zoom\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"cursor__hexagon\">\n        <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n        <path class=\"path-main\" d=\"M2.83975 6.28867L11 1.57735L19.1603 6.28867V15.7113L11 20.4227L2.83975 15.7113V6.28867Z\" fill=\"black\" stroke=\"black\"\/>\n        <path class=\"path-second\" d=\"M1.97372 5.78867L11 0.57735L20.0263 5.78867V16.2113L11 21.4227L1.97372 16.2113V5.78867Z\" stroke=\"white\"\/>\n        <\/svg>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"author":169,"featured_media":20671,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_metafield_presentation":"The city is revealed through its streets, its monuments, and through its Metro. Mostly underground, the Metro and its network are sometimes difficult to understand. Through maps and organisation of stations, engineers, architects and designers put in place the visual codes specific to each city, to help users on their journeys. But some stations struggle to appropriate these codes, despite the support of signage. A hub in the Parisian network, the Ch\u00e2telet-les-Halles station is truly a underground city but also an immense labyrinth that some users prefer to avoid for fear of never getting out again.","_metafield_image_toggle":true,"_metafield_image_legend":"Station RER Ch\u00e2telet Les Halles, Janvier 2021 \u00a9Chlo\u00e9 Wietkowski"},"keywords":[172,166],"teachers_list_1":[37],"class_list":["post-20669","dissertation","type-dissertation","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","keywords-heritage","keywords-public-spaces","teachers_list_1-charlotte-poupon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Metros, underground labyrinths - Diploma Camondo \u00e9dition 2021<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/diploma2021.ecolecamondo.fr\/en\/memoire\/chloe-wietkowski\/metros-labyrinthes-souterrains\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Metros, underground labyrinths - 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